In vitro assessment of Sun Protection Factor and antioxidant activities of certain phytoextracts

Abstract

The topical application of sunscreens is indispensable for preventing the effects of UV rays, which range from tanning to possible carcinogenesis. Recent reports indicate that residues of important commercially available UV filters are detected in ecosystem and in users. There are great concerns over the possibility of ecological disturbances caused by UV filters. This is particularly true in the case of reported coral reef bleaching. Further, a few reports indicate that some UV filters may have adverse health effects. In view of this, the present study was carried out to determine sun protection factor, total phenolics, radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity of star anise pods, fennel and flax seeds and moringa leaves. Methanolic extracts of the said plant materials were prepared and concentrated under vacuum. In vitro assays were performed to determine the sun protection factor as well as the antioxidant potential of methanolic extracts. In vitro SPF activity and total phenolics were highest in the case of moringa leaf extract, which also exhibited appreciable antioxidant activity as reflected by radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity. Our data indicate that moringa leaf extract, with its higher SPF and antioxidant activity, could be further explored for incorporation into herbal sunscreen formulations.