Evaluation of Engineering Properties in Almond Nuts

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate different physical and mechanical properties in almond nuts of ten cultivars including
dimensions, arithmetic and geometric mean diameters, sphericity, surface area, almond mass, bulk and true densities, porosity,
angle of repose, projected area, coefficient of static friction and rupture force. Multi-linear models for the ten almond cultivars
were developed and presented to predict the nut surface area. According to the results ‘Mamaei’ cultivar had highest length of nut
and thickness and ‘Sahand’ cultivar had highest width than the other cultivars. Nut of ‘Mamaei’ cultivar was significantly heavier
than the rest of cultivars. Similarly, it was found highest the arithmetic and geometric mean diameters, surface area, and projected
area for ‘Mamaei’ nuts. Highest value of sphericity, true density, bulk density, porosity, angle of repose, and rupture force was
found for the nuts of ‘V-9-17’, ‘Shahrood17’, ‘Shahrood17’, ‘V-3-16’, and ‘Sahand’ cultivars, respectively. On the plywood, glass,
and galvanized iron sheet surfaces, the coefficient of static friction of the nuts of ‘Shahrood17’, ‘V-13’, and ‘V-3-16’ cultivars was
significantly greater than that of the other cultivars.