The Investigation of Antibody Existence Against Leishmania Parasites in Patient Sera Infected by Different Antibodies

Abstract

a parasites are the causal agents of leishmaniasis; a group of protozoan diseases transmitted to mammals,including human beings, by phlebotomizes sandflies. It is known that 12 million people are infected with Leishmania in the world and approximately 350 million people are at a risk of infection and disease. Also in Turkey approximately 20 million people have the risk of leishmaniasis. It is estimated that each year globally 1 to 1.5 million cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and 500.000 cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) occur. For diagnosis of this disease there are various methods, especially serological methods. But the sensitivity and specificity of these methods are not stable and can cause cross reactions in various infections.The aim of this study is to investigate antibody existence against Leishmania in different infection antibodies having patient sera. 37 healthy people’s and 113 different patient’s sera were investigated for antibody existence against Leishmania and also Cytomegalovirus, Toxoplasmosis gondii, Chlamydia pneumonia, Rubivirus, Herpes simplex II virus and Hepatitis B virus in the experiments. IFAT and ELISA methods were used for this aim.It is determined that 52 of investigated patient’s blood serums have Cytomegalovirus antibody, 14 have Toxoplasmosis gondii antibody, 9 have Chlamydia pneumonia antibody, 13 have Rubivirus antibody, 7 have Herpes simplex II antibody and 13 have antibody against HBs antigens of B hepatitis virus. Antigens that we prepared from Leishmania’s promastigot forms were used within the IFAT method. IgG and IgM against Leishmania were detected in serum samples. 58 (51, 3%) of 113 patient’s serum gave positive result against Leishmania antigens and 40 (35, 4%) of them against Leishmania IgG, although 18 (15, 9%) of IgM was determined.The obtained results show that IFAT and ELISA methods are not specific for the diagnosis of Leishmaniasis and give cross reactions with other infections. This results show that, these mentioned methods are useful for scanning more than diagnosis.